Competitive bidding
In general cases, procurement based on mutual agreement is not accepted by AFD. Exemptions to the principle of competitive bidding are only granted on an exceptional basis, must be fully argued, and provided for in national regulations.
Examples that may constitute an exception to the principle of competitive bidding:
- operations that require a unified set of materials;
- operations that come under an “Owner system”;
- in cases where there is a single provider;
- in case of emergency (post-earthquake).