Library

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), industry generates a fifth of the world’s direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It also produces indirect emissions due in part to electricity generation, the world’s largest source of emissions. The reduction of industrial emissions is thus a...

Three decades ago, it was believed that the end of the (first) Cold War would herald the “end of history” and the advent of economic globalization dominated by multinational companies, relegating governments to the sidelines. Today, we appear to be back in a political era, with governments...

AFD has been developing two macroeconomic modelling tools – the GEMMES and...