Over the past decade, the deterioration of the security situation has profoundly destabilized the Central Sahel, with spillover effects throughout the region and even beyond. Weakened social cohesion has led to increasingly violent and uncontrolled conflict. In addition, the political turmoil...
More than 3 billion people live in contexts that are highly vulnerable to climate change (IPCC, 2022). Yet, adapting to the impacts of climate change remains a complex process: multiple sectors as well as a wide range of social,...
Hann Bay, in Dakar, has reached an advanced state of degradation due to the direct discharge of industrial and domestic effluents. To deal with these environmental, economic and health issues, the Senegalese authorities have drawn up an action plan providing for the construction of...
Fragility and conflict are the main lenses through which Sahelian issues are most often viewed. However, the crystallization of the debate around these issues, real as they are, leads to a narrowing of analyses, whereas the truth is that the region is also seeing positive trends. Even as it...
The Greater Sahel region was once a prosperous region in Africa. The region is clearly defined by its geography and climate. It also has the lowest GDP per capita of all the six African regions identified by AFD.
Over the past...
In 2016, nearly 90% of households in the Senegalese peanut basin lived below the national poverty line. However, when looking at the situation through the prism of inequalities, the importance of the latter is striking, as reflected by a Gini coefficient of 0.44. While inequalities between...
In the north of the peanut basin, the arid climate limits the efficiency of fertilization too much for it to be relevant to intensify grain production. It is more legitimate to support the groundnut sector, or even to develop other legumes with a shorter cycle (cowpeas). In the rest of the basin...
The pursuit of Domestic Resources Mobilization (DRM) objectives needs to be in agreement with the other SDGs set by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in particular the elimination of extreme poverty (SDG 1) and the reduction of inequality (SDG 10). This requires careful incidence...
With the Multidimensional Inequality Framework and the capabilities approach as its theoretical underpinning, this research shows that strong similarities in the expressions of inequalities exist in different domains of life in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger and Senegal. Inequalities depending...
Reducing economic and social inequalities in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, and Senegal requires a set of policies clearly focused on the most remote areas of these countries and the particular challenges facing women, young people, and minority groups. New research on inequalities across six...
The objective of this study is to analyse and compare the incidence of fiscal systems of three western African countries: Côte d’Ivoire, Mali and Senegal. The analysis relies on different data and tools: (1) individual and household level data from three recent household surveys (EMOP2011, ESPS...
As a priority area for French development policy, the Sahel is faced with a diverse array of security, climate, economic, social and political challenges. The countries in the region (Burkina Faso, Cape Verde,...
This evaluation was completed between August 2017 and July 2019 by the Hydroconseil-Agriate Consortium. The AFD’s Evaluation and Learning Department (EVA: Evaluation et Apprentissage) was responsible for the overall management of the evaluation. A Reference Group comprising AFD experts and...
We use a multilevel approach to characterize the relationship between weather shocks and (internal and international) migration intentions. We combine individual survey data on migration intentions with measures of localized weather shocks for Western African countries over 2008-2016. A meta-...
This paper investigates the impact of regional migration on average wages and wage inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA). We exploit a unique data from a unified labour force household survey which covers natives and migrants in the seven economic capitals of the...
In 2012 a call for proposals for FISONG projects was launched in the field of "Sanitation, hygiene and waste: long-term mechanisms and local capabilities” aiming at improving sanitation services in the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs...
This study, commissioned by the AFD Innovation, Research and Knowledge department, provides a retrospective analysis of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) that has been managing the urban water supply sub-sector in Senegal since 1995. For a number of years now, this PPP arrangement has been...
Populations are highly mobile, both in terms of long term movements of individuals relocating their place of residence as well as shorter term mobility such as commuting, seasonal travel and recreational trips. Working with call detail record data from Namibia and Senegal, we study population...
For twenty years now, the Sahel region has been marked by rising insecurity, political crises, and poorly controlled flows of people, arms and illegal goods, with a major risk of States becoming destabilized. In the wake of the war in Libya and the Malian crisis, causes, arms, and combatants have...