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The AFD and The FFEM launched the multi-country project TerrIndigena, which aims to support the organizational processes of 18 indigenous communities in the Amazon in three countries: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. This initiative is developed in collaboration with the Gaia Amazonas...

Semestrial Panoramas are special issues of the MacroDev series written by AFD analysts; They present a synthesis of macronomic et socioeconomic analyses of emerging and developing countries. In addition to short, country-focused articles, a thematic section sheds light on broader economic and...

This document presents the strategy of the Regional Office (RO) of the Andean Region (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador...

Ecuador adopted the U.S. dollar as its legal tender in January 2000, in a context of deep economic and political crisis. Almost two decades later in December 2019, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) approved a total disbursement of US$498 million after the completion of...

Since 2017, the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and AFD, in partnership with the Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI), have been supporting the...

Using the ECM2 survey data on Ecuadorian migrants returning from Spain, we investigate the determinants of reintegration upon return. We study how the migration experience, but also the before- and after-migration characteristics, correlate with migrants’ outcomes upon return. We adopt a broad...