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Across the world, flooding remains the most frequent and most damaging natural risk. This technical report begins by exploring the reasons for this state of affairs: hydrological regimes, the existence of extreme events as part of a continuous distribution of possibilities, and the concepts of

Let’s change horizon, let’s transform the economy. This is the goal of the economic and financial transition. Its guiding principle: build a longer-term vision of the economy to ensure that its objectives are in harmony with the sustainable development goals. And we need to start right away.  The

The Economic and Financial Transition Strategy is one of AFD’s 6 transitions. Its objective: support the transformation of economies to build economic, social and environmental balances sustainable over the long term Download an infographic about the AFD Group's Economic and Financial Transition

Supporting national research activities and institutions and structuring networks of researchers in developing countries is a recent focus of AFD's activities and is fully in line with its strategy. Thomas Melonio, AFD's Executive Director for Innovation, Research and Knowledge, explains the

The Bird's Head Seascape is a global marine biodiversity hotspot located in West Papua, Indonesia. To preserve its richness while ensuring sustainable livelihoods for communities, the Blue Action Fund is financing a project implemented by Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara (YKAN), affiliate of The

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) Group have been prolific partners for over 20 years. We cofinanced over 70 projects amounting to $13.8 billion. Since our first cofinancing initiative in Viet Nam in 1997, we have grounded our partnership on our shared

The CITIIS (City Investments to Innovate, Integrate and Sustain) program supports Indian cities in implementing urban infrastructure projects that are integrated, innovation driven and sustainable. Supported by AFD, the EU and the Government of India’s Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, the

This paper studies the effects of a large unconditional increase in the salary of public sector teachers in Peru. Population-based rules that determine the level of teacher compensation generate locally exogenous discrete changes in wage posting across rural locations. School vacancies offering 25

AFD began its activities in Nigeria 12 years ago and is now one of the country’s rightful partners. Its unique position as a bilateral lender for varied financing solutions enables it to contribute not only to the development of a competitive economy that creates jobs and wealth, but also to a

With commitments that stabilised in 2020, at €12.1 billion, and disbursements which were up 35% compared to 2019 to reach a record level of €8.8 billion, the AFD Group confirmed its capacity to mobilise and its agility in the context of a crisis that underscored the essential role of the world’s