Alain Goulard
Library
32 result(s) for your search
Consulted
28
times
Georgia: Put to the test by the war in Ukraine
A small Western Asian country, Georgia has an outward-looking economic model,mainly based on services such as trade and tourism. The Georgian economy is thus highly vulnerable to external shocks and was hard hit by the Covid-19 crisis, with a recession of 6.8% in 2020, the worst since 1994. In...
Published in April 2024
Consulted
93
times
Philippines – Preserving economic stability, financing development and anticipating climate issues
Referred to as the “sick man of Asia” during the last third of the 20th century, the Philippines has recorded dynamic economic growth since the mid-2000s and is beginning to catch up with the more advanced economies of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). This catching-up has come...
Published in February 2024
Consulted
52
times
MacroDev N°53 - SEMESTRIAL PANORAMA 2024 #1
Three decades ago, it was believed that the end of the (first) Cold War would herald the “end of history” and the advent of economic globalization dominated by multinational companies, relegating governments to the sidelines. Today, we appear to be back in a political era, with governments...
Published in January 2024
Consulted
70
times
Vietnam at a crossroads: avoiding the middle-income trap while addressing climate challenges
Following three decades of strong growth (7% on average) which enabled the country to eradicate extreme poverty and reach middle-income status, Vietnam continues to offer highly attractive prospects. Socio-political stability, a cautious policy mix, continually high economic growth, and the size...
Published in January 2024
Consulted
12
times
Peru: in need of fresh stimulus
Driven by the boom in its mining sector and its rigorous macroeconomic policies, since the early 2000s Peru has experienced a period of spectacular development, described as the “Peruvian Miracle”. Nominal GDP in US dollar terms has increased almost fivefold over the last 20 years and the...
Published in October 2023
Consulted
275
times
Climate-financial trap: an empirical approach to detecting situations of double vulnerability
The present study proposes to build a systematic approach to detecting and specifying situations of double vulnerability. Double vulnerability refers to a situation where a country combines climate and macro-financial vulnerabilities. It is defined as a situation where climate change (either in...
Published in October 2023
Consulted
49
times
Serbia: European integration, energy, war in Ukraine
The path of economic growth and development of Serbia, a country with a modern, diversified and outward-looking economy, depends at the same time on the fundamental reforms of its energy model, developments in the global economic environment, and a hypothetical rapid
integration into the...
Published in September 2023
Consulted
98
times
International economy: new landscape against the backdrop of déjà vu
Since the last edition of our publication MacroDev Semestrial in February 2023, international economic developments have remained eventful and intense, against the backdrop of the continued global geopolitical reconfiguration. They are not without consequences for emerging and developing...
Published in July 2023
Consulted
59
times
Emerging and Developing Countries: The Noose is Tightening
The dual shock of the health crisis and the war in Ukraine has pushed up inflation to an extent not seen in developed countries since the 1979 oil shock and the Iran-Iraq war. This shock has put an end to two decades of disinflation imported from China and other emerging and developing countries...
Published in February 2023
Consulted
154
times
Angola: a vital but constrained transformation of the economic model in the run-up to the 2022 elections?
The country is therefore approaching the general elections of August 24, 2022 in a changing economic and political environment. Lourenço, who is running for president, will be able to claim that the economic situation has improved during his term. Indeed, 2021 was marked by a return to growth...
Published in January 2023
Consulted
68
times
Uzbekistan: Achieving a multidimensional transition
Relatively sound macroeconomic fundamentals, coupled with government measures and financial support from donors, have allowed Uzbekistan to withstand the shock of the health crisis. Despite a marked deterioration in the regional situation for the last year, the country shows internal political...
Published in November 2022
Consulted
182
times
Development finance fragmentation and diversification: the case of China, India and Türkiye
From 2010 to 2019, the international community committed USD 1,700 billion in loans for developing countries. While multila-teral development banks continued to provide the bulk of financings (60% of the total), close to 20% came from relatively new actors, amongst which the BRICS countries –...
Published in September 2022
Consulted
99
times
Semestrial Panorama 2022 #2
The rise in commodity prices had already been happening since mid-2020 and is subject to an in-depth analysis in this third issue of the semi-annual MacroDev Panorama. The objective is to place the dramatic increase in prices observed in the spring in a historical perspective and question...
Published in September 2022
Consulted
43
times
North Macedonia: Identifying a development model for the future
North Macedonia is a small, landlocked country in the Balkans that gained independence in 1991 and has a turbulent history bound up with its pursuit of regional and international recognition. The country is now looking toward the European Union and has been a candidate for accession since 2005....
Published in June 2022
Consulted
34
times
Kosovo: The Challenges of Building the Growth Model
A small country in the Western Balkans, Kosovo unilaterally declared its independence from Serbia in 2008. It has since strengthened its independence and built its sovereignty, resulting in a gradual withdrawal of international peacekeeping missions. It has also managed to build strong...
Published in June 2022
Consulted
38
times
Rendemic uncertainties in developing countries: Issues arising from an increased interdependence between banks and the state
An increased recourse to financing from the domestic banking sector has proved to be an important source of resilience for many developing countries in their efforts to face expenditures generated by the Covid-19 crisis. The second issue of MacroDev Semestrial Panorama offers an analysis of the...
Published in February 2022
Consulted
102
times
Uganda: revising the growth model while preserving debt sustainability
After two decades (1990–2010) of strong growth and structural transformation, Uganda’s economy is still confronted with a high level of informality and a concentration of jobs in agricul-ture—a sector that is not very productive. In this context, bringing young people into the...
Published in January 2022
Consulted
728
times
Debt sustainability in Africa: state of play and future challenges
Almost fifteen years after the last debt relief initiatives were implemented by the international community, some African countries have either recently defaulted on their public debt, subscribed to the Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI) put in place by official lenders in 2020, or are...
Published in December 2021
Ressource
Consulted
85
times
Hard Times for Developing Countries: Africa’s Financing Needs in Question
Semestrial Panoramas are special issues of the MacroDev series written by AFD analysts; They present a synthesis of macronomic et socioeconomic analyses of emerging and developing countries. In addition to short, country-focused articles, a thematic section sheds light on broader economic and...
Published on 08 Sep 2021
Consulted
463
times
Rwanda: an effective development model, rising to the challenge of its sustainability
Rwanda emerged from the 1994 genocide in a considerably weakened state. The country's strongman, Paul Kagame, came to power during this period of instability and gradual reconstruction. He became President of the Republic in 2000, and is still head of state today. The authorities, who derive...
Published in March 2021