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Strong sustainability and property rights
The core principle of strong sustainability is non-substitutability. Many economic resources rely on ecosystem function, which is at best partially substitutable; ecosystem function can be maintained...
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How to improve food security?
According to the World Food Programme, the number of people facing acute food insecurity has more than doubled since 2019, from 135 million to 345 million around the world. The food crisis has multipl...
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Gabon: Using forests without destroying them
Committed to the forests of Gabon since 2015, AFD Group supports forest operators and the country's administration in the transformation of the forest-wood sector. An unavoidable change in a country w...
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The Green Transition Dilemma: the Impossible (?) Quest for Prosperity of South American Economies
This paper explores the tensions that the transition toward a zero-carbon economy entails for countries relying on natural resources exploitation as the main drivers of (net) exports, as is the case o...
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Marthe Mapangou: "Combining forestry and sustainable development is possible"
In Gabon, any action aimed at developing the country's economy and infrastructure inevitably comes up against the sensitive issue of the preservation of forests, which cover more than 80% of the terri...
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How can accounting reformulate the debate on natural capital and help implement its ecological approach?
This paper shows that the mainstream usage of ‘natural capital’ (NC) is incompatible with an ecological approach. It argues that accounting is relevant for (re)structuring the debate around NC and imp...
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Low carbon strategies need to tackle the carbon footprint of materials production
Like Net-Zero GHG emissions (NZE) country goals which have recently multiplied, national low carbon strategies currently focus on reducing direct territorial emissions across sectors, such as domestic...
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AFD and Climate in Eurasia
At Agence Française de Développement, we believe that every development project needs to consider its contribution to the fight against climate change. In Euasia, thanks to our national and regional p...
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Sahel - Activity Report 2022
Over the past decade, the deterioration of the security situation has profoundly destabilized the Central Sahel, with spillover effects throughout the region and even beyond. Weakened social cohesion...
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Water and Sanitation - 2022 Activity Report
Water is a major challenge for the 21st century. Shortages, poor water quality and the lack of sanitation facilities have an impact on food security, health, gender equality and living conditions for...
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The middle class in Argentina: dynamics, characteristics and implications for public policies
Argentina is generally considered as the typical middle-class country in Latin America. Yet, while the successive crises that have hit the Argentinean economy over the four last decades have obviously...
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How to assess coastal flood risk in data-sparse coastal lowlands? Accurate information on land elevation is k...
With rising sea level, the densely populated coastal lowlands in the world, many of them located in the Global South, face increasing flood risks and thus require reliable flood risk assessments. As t...
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Eurasia and Beyond
From the Western Balkans to the Indo-Pacific, and including the Near East and Central Asia, the region covers countries with diverse development trajectories. The Eastern European and Asian regions pl...
Regions and countries
Georgia - Put to the test by the war in Ukraine
A small Western Asian country, Georgia has an outward-looking economic model,mainly based on services such as trade and tourism. The Georgian economy is thus highly vulnerable to external shocks and w...
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Reviving the Glory of Lahore Fort
In Pakistan, the renovation of the Lahore Fort, a UNESCO heritage site since 1981, promises to improve the living environment of the population, but also to offer them new work opportunities. After se...
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Housing for SDG's - Full report : Access to the housing for the achievement of sustainable development goals
Housing is obviously a lever for action to achieve SDG11 on Sustainable Cities, but it is just as important for several other SDGs. In 2023, AFD and Agence Phare carried out a literature review highli...
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HOUSING for SDGs - Synthesis : Access to housing for the achievement of sustainable development goals
Housing is obviously a lever for action to achieve SDG11 on Sustainable Cities, but it is just as important for several other SDGs. In 2023, AFD and Agence Phare carried out a literature review hig...
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Bringing communities together through sport in Kosovo's schools
Violent conflicts that struck the Western Balkans in the 1990s altered the bonds between different communities in the region. AFD and its partners are working together to reset this bond through sp...
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How can healthcare for older people in sub-Saharan Africa be improved?
In Africa, the demographic transitions in progress are accompanied by a predicted aging of the population. This phenomenon cannot be ignored in future political decisions. Nations south of the Sahara...
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2023 Universal Registration Document
2023 saw the reinforcement of two simultaneous, contradictory and intertwined underlying trends. On the one hand, the return of violence and the calling into question of geopolitical balances. On the...
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