Publications and media
Occupational Segregation and the Gender Wage Gap in Egypt, 1998–2023
Female labor force participation in Egypt remains low, and wages consistently under-reward women compared to men. This disparity is partly driven by the systematic channeling of women into lower-payin...
Migration during Economic Crisis: The Case of Egypt
Egypt has experienced a major economic crisis since March 2022, which has had substantial impacts on food inflation and standards of living. This crisis was compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic, its gl...
The Use of Information and Communication Technology in the Workplace in Egypt
The dynamic intersection between technology and labor constitutes the focal point of labor market policies designed to align with technological transitions. Studying the characteristics of digitized w...
The Evolution of Social Protection in Egypt, 2006-2023
This paper examines the trends in social protection coverage in Egypt over the 2006-2023 period. The different forms of protection that we analyze include contributory social insurance schemes, employ...
Evaluation of Ghana Urban Management Pilot Programme (GUMPP) 2012-2021
The general purpose of the project is to improve living conditions in secondary cities through a policy of developing urban infrastructure in municipalities committed to improving their management....
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Evaluation of a series of policy-based loans to support the energy sector reform in Albania
The high-level objectives of the PBL were to enable the GoA, through targeted support, to fulfill its international commitments related to energy sector reform, and to assist the GoA in establishing a...
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Final evaluation of the Renewable Energy Absorption Transmission Development Project (REATDP), Sri Lanka
The project aimed at improving the electricity provision in Sri Lanka: • Increase the grid's renewable energy (RE) absorption capacity (specific outcome) • Reduce the average cost of production acr...
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Greening Colombia’s Energy: The Future of Jobs and Pensions
This paper evaluates the effects of Colombia's transition to a low-carbon economy on employment and pensions. Utilizing a three-stage analysis integrating national energy scenarios, an input-output mo...
Environmental policies for supporting sustainable energy transition in Vietnam: Evaluation and policy recommen...
Vietnam has long been an active member of international efforts to address environmental challenges. In the pursuit of the goals of environmental protection, greenhouse gas emission reduction and clim...
Promoting a More Progressive Approach - Evaluating the Impact of Social and Fiscal Policies in Mexico and Colo...
This research paper analyzes the redistributive impact of some fiscal policies and social programmes (direct taxes and transfers) before and after the pandemic Crisis in Mexico and Colombia, following...
Spatial Inequality, Sub-regional governance and Subjective Well-being - The case of South Africa
This paper examines how spatial variation in inequality and quality of institutions interact to explain variation in subjective wellbeing. Literature suggests that better institutions and lower level...
Reducing Inequalities Despite Climate change? Rethinking Progress Towards Reducing Income Inequalities and the...
This multicountry study incorporate the economic resources of countries and measure how countries are combining their resources to reduce income inequality. It also examine the effects of climate — te...
Infographic - Our commitments to gender equality in 2024
Since 2020, AFD has asserted its position as a committed actor in the international ecosystem on gender. In 2024, 61% of AFD’s financial commitments, in foreign countries, had a primary or signific...
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Gender Equality – 2024 Activity Report
Since 2020, AFD has asserted its position as a committed actor in the international ecosystem on gender. In 2024, 61% of AFD’s financial commitments, in foreign countries, had a primary or signific...
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Can Asia Sustain Its Growth?
In a context marked by renewed trade tensions, political uncertainty and major climate challenges, how can Asian economies remain resilient while pursuing sustainable and inclusive development? What a...
Rethinking agricultural and rural training systemically with a range of actors at territorial level. How can a...
In sub-Saharan Africa, demographic projections indicate that the rural population is expected to continue growing, reaching 980 million people by 2050. Young people under the age of twenty-five living...
Education, Training, Employment - 2024 Activity Report
For every individual, being educated, receiving training, and acquiring skills and knowledge are essential steps toward living a dignified life, accessing meaningful work, and exercising full citizens...
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Infographic - Our Education, Training, Employment Commitments in 2024
AFD Group is committed to making lifelong learning possible and to promoting access to education and decent work. To this end, we finance the implementation of policies and programs to develop infrast...
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Impact of Meteorological Factors and Extreme Weather Events on PM2.5 Pollution in Vietnam
This study examines how meteorological factors and extreme weather influence PM2.5 pollution across six socio-economic regions in Vietnam from 2012 to 2020. Univariate and multivariate analyses, incl...
The Impact of Extreme Temperatures and Air Pollution on Labor Supply and Earnings: Evidence from Vietnam
This study examines the impact of extreme temperatures and air pollution on employment in Vietnam. While we do not find significant effects of extreme temperatures or air pollution on labor force part...
A Case Study of Occupational Safety and Health in Vietnam’s ICT Manufacturing SMEs
Based on an extensive desk review, and key informant interviews with a range of stakeholders, this background article explores the occupational safety and health (OSH) implementation in the Informatio...
