Publications and media
ADB-AFD: An Ambitious Partnership for Development
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) Group have been prolific partners for over 20 years. We cofinanced over 70 projects amounting to $13.8 billion. Since o...
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AFD Projects in Southeast Asia: Portfolio
This portfolio aims to present AFD Group's activities in seven Southeast Asian countries: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and the Philippines. It covers the different types of su...
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Evaluation Summary - AFD Budget Support to the “Sustainable and Inclusive Energy Program” (SIEP) Subprogram I ...
In Indonesia, in the energy sector, the AFD budget support to the “Sustainable and Inclusive Energy Program” (SIEP I & II CID1061 & CID1067) was subject to an evaluation in 2021. The objective of the...
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Southeast Asia - 2020-2024 Regional Strategy
AFD Group’s regional strategy for Southeast Asia aligns with the priorities of French development policy defined by the Interministerial Committee on International Cooperation and Development (CICID),...
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Exchange rate and balance of payment risks in the global development finance architecture
The authors analyze the exchange rate and balance of payment crisis risks when MDBs lend, in hard currency, to NDBs, for NDBs to onlend to investment projects. Investment projects maybe “export-enhanc...
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Climate Variability and Inequality: Comparing the Experiences of Indonesia and Vietnam
Households in Indonesia and Vietnam that are poor, rural, older, headed by women, and/or from ethnic minorities bear the biggest burden of variability in climatic conditions. New research investigate...
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The Impact of Climate Variability on Inequality: Evidence from Indonesia
Households in Indonesia that are rural, older, larger, and/or headed by women experience worsening income, deeper poverty, and social exclusion as a consequence of climate instability. New research f...
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Who bears the burden of climate variability? A comparative analysis of the impact of weather conditions on ine...
Is climate variability regressive? One argument could be as follows: People living in areas with high risk of climate hazards usually correspond to the most disadvantaged populations. Due to existing...
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Encouraging green finance: AFD's offer to public banks
AFD is the first agency to be 100% in line with the Paris Agreement and to make strong commitments on climate financing by supporting the transformation of financial actors' practices and promoting su...
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Evaluation Summary - First Green Credit Line to PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (Persero)
In Indonesia, in the green finance sector, the PT-SMI project (CID1056) was subject to an evaluation in 2020. The objectives of the financing programme were: - To strengthen the supply of finance fo...
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AFD and the blue economy in Indonesia
The largest archipelago in the world with nearly 17,000 islands and the 6th Exclusive Economic Zone of the world (sea surface of 6 million km²), Indonesia is a country that conceives its development a...
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Southeast Asia - Activity Report
AFD’s field of intervention in Southeast Asia covers seven ASEAN member countries: we’ve had a long-standing presence in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam going back to 1993. We’ve subsequently extended our...
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Diverting Solid Waste
This work takes as its starting point the findings of local authorities in the global South: as and when they are required to shut down old disposal sites and invest in costly sanitary landfills, citi...
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Evaluation Summary - Infrastructure development of space oceanography (INDESO) project
In the Republic of Indonesia, the Infrastructure development of space oceanography project (INDESO) for the “Natural resources and environment” sector was subject to an evaluation in December 2018....
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Informal Recycling vs municipal Waste Service in Asian cities: Opposition or Integration?
Despite being generally poorly recognized by public authorities, informal recycling remains nevertheless a major component in the waste sector, which questions the legitimacy of the official waste arr...
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Indonesia: Reforms to Meet Development Challenges
The Indonesian economy is experiencing structural changes and must deal with new challenges in an uncer¬tain international setting. In the past decade, its industry has undergone reprimarization (focu...
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Evaluation Summary - Reconstruction of the urban drainage system of Banda Aceh
In Indonesia, for the “Sanitation” sector, the sovereign loan to support the reconstruction of the urban drainage system of Banda Aceh was subject to an evaluation in January 2017. After the 2004 t...
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Indonesia Climate Change Programme Loan (ICCPL)
In close partnership in 2008, 2009 and 2010, JICA and AFD approved a series of “climate” budget loans to the Indonesian Government in order to facilitate the design and implementation of an ambitious...
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Energy Efficiency Policies in China, India, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam
Most papers dealing with energy efficiency policies focus on the policies and measures implemented in OECD countries and this may lead one to think that only the “rich” countries are developing effort...
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Evaluation summary - Policy-based loan on maritime logistics sector in Indonesia
In Indonesia, the policy-based loan on maritime logistics (CID1070 (DPL1), CID1072 (DPL2), CID1073 (TA)) was subject to an evaluation between September 2020 and Feb 2021. Transport and maritime log...
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