Publications and media
Realizing the Potential of National Development Banks to Boost Sustainable Development Financing with MDB Supp...
The world’s public development banks cannot avoid confronting the global environmental and climate finance crises. Nor should they. This research paper asks, ‘What do national development banks (NDBs)...
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AFD Group and Energy Transition Minerals
The energy transition relies on the deployment of low-carbon technologies (electric vehicles,renewable energies) that require substantial amounts of metals and minerals, including lithium, nickel, cob...
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AFD Group and Energy Transition Minerals
The energy transition relies on the deployment of low-carbon technologies (electric vehicles,renewable energies) that require substantial amounts of metals and minerals, including lithium, nickel, cob...
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Evaluating projects: a key issue for AFD
When a project ends, AFD's operational teams systematically assess the project's progress—resources, achievements, and results—by drafting a completion report. A project evaluation can then be conduct...
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Evaluation of AFD Group’s Contribution to the SDGs in Indonesia
This pilot evaluation, covering the period 2015-2022, highlights the relevance and positive impact of projects funded in Indonesia. Despite a smaller financial volume compared to multilateral institut...
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Shaping the future of electricity between Kenya and Ethiopia
East African countries have joined forces to create an electricity backbone to trade energy and compensate for shortages in the region. Supported by a €90 million loan from AFD, the Kenya-Ethiopia int...
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AFD and clean cooking
Every day, 2.3 billion people still cook using traditional methods, with biomass fuel such as wood or charcoal. These practices have major impacts: they contribute to climate change, accelerate forest...
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Namibia – Do the oil discoveries herald a more inclusive economy?
Namibia is on the brink of a major change which is set to radically transform its economy.Indeed, the recent discoveries of vast oil reserves could propel the country among the leading African produce...
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Where does AFD's money come from, and where does it go?
For more than 80 years, the Agence Française de Développement has contributed to implementing France's policy on development, sustainable investment and international solidarity. Through its public se...
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Energy and social protection measures for energy poverty
This article examines the impact of energy-enhancing measures for the poor, such as social protection or energy-earmarked measures, on influencing energy poverty and vulnerability. It employs a litera...
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Are industries in emerging countries becoming greener?
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), industry generates a fifth of the world’s direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It also produces indirect emissions due in part to electricity gene...
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Quantifying Green Job Potential in Colombia: A Task-Based Approach
This paper examines the impact of the green transition on the Colombian labor market. Using a task-based approach and data from the 2022 Colombian Household Survey, we find that approximately 22.6% of...
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Support for the just dimensions of the energy transition in South Africa: technical note
The Just Transition Framework reaffirmed that distributive, restorative, and procedural justice is at the centre of South Africa’s transition to a low-carbon economy. AFD is pleased to announce the...
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Egypt : Five key projects in Alexandria
Alexandria, the second largest city in Egypt and the Mediterranean, faces major socio-economic, environmental, and urban challenges. The French Development Agency (AFD) funds structural projects to...
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Projects supported by AFD in Indonesia
AFD Group has been working in Indonesia for over fifteen years to promote green and inclusive growth, with the goal of supporting the country’s low-carbon development in the framework of a just and re...
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Energy-efficient housing for Armenians
In Armenia, living conditions are severely challenged by poorly insulated homes, harsh winters, and often insufficient purchasing power. To address this situation, the French Development Agency (AFD)...
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Africa’s mining potential: Current landscape, opportunities, and challenges
Mining activity sparks both fantasies and, at times, criticism, particularly among funders and traditional international cooperation actors. By its very nature, any extractive activity is unsustainabl...
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AFD and the Just Energy Transition
The concept of “just transition” came about from the realization of the link between the environmental and social crises. It takes into account the interests of workers and disadvantaged people in the...
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Distributive Impact of Green Taxes in Mexico
Carbon pricing is one of the most effective tools available worldwide for the regulation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There is extensive theoretical and empirical research on optimal pricing ins...
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Energy Transition - 2023 Activity Report
Energy policy is the keystone to achieving many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). That’s why AFD, Proparco, and Expertise France mobilize their wide range of technical and financial tools t...
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Infographic - Our activity in favor of Energy Transition in 2023
Energy policy is the keystone to achieving many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). That’s why AFD, Proparco, and Expertise France mobilize their wide range of technical and financial tools t...
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