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Matching risks with instruments in development banks
This paper explores how development banks should deploy appropriate financial instruments to encourage real economic risk-taking while minimizing financial engineering risks. We distinguish real econo...
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Effective development banking: loans or guarantees?
How should National Development Banks (NDBs) assess the cost-effectiveness of using loans and loan guarantees in order to choose the type of financial instrument most appropriate for each program? We...
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From global to local: Subnational development banks in the era of Sustainable Development Goals
Financing the implementation of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been a development challenge since the establishment of the 2030 Agenda – especially under the unequal circumstan...
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Financial regulation of national development banks - NDBs
History shows that financial crises have been a significant driver of banking regulation evolution, since the 1930s. Although Basel III made much progress in building a safer and less leveraged system...
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Funding Sources of National Development Banks
Access to large, long-term, and stable funding sources is a prerequisite for achieving the objectives of national development banks (NDBs). By systematically collecting data on the funding sources of...
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Climate Change and Development Bank Project Cycles
In the five years since the Paris Agreement, Development Finance Institutions have made various commitments to aligning their operations with climate change goals. In this report, we analyze the exten...
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Financial performance and Corporate Governance: Evidence from National Development Banks in Africa
This is a draft discussion paper and has not been through an external peer review process. A final ODI working paper will be published after the research conference. This study aims to examine the...
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The Global Development Banks’ Architecture
This paper looks at the role, evolution and regional coverage of the system of multilateral and national development banks (MDBs and NDBs) and international climate change funds. It analyzes the roles...
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Exchange rate and balance of payment risks in the global development finance architecture
The authors analyze the exchange rate and balance of payment crisis risks when MDBs lend, in hard currency, to NDBs, for NDBs to onlend to investment projects. Investment projects maybe “export-enhanc...
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Checks and balance, Political Leadership, and Bureaucratic Autonomy: Evidence from National Development Banks
A long standing view in the political economy of bureaucracy holds that the quality of political governance is the foundation of high quality development agencies. However, the existing literature doe...
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Carbon Policies and Climate Financial Regulation
We analyze optimal climate financial regulation to address the question when capital requirements should be differentiated in order to encourage climate related investments. We distinguish between two...
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Scaling up public development banks’ transformative alignment with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
Before the Covid-19 crisis struck, numbers said that implementing the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) would cost between USD 50 trillion and USD 70 trillion, over a 10-year pe...
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Piloting and Scaling Up Clean Energy Transitions: The Role of Development Finance Institutions
In this paper, the authors examine the role of development finance institutions (DFIs) in piloting clean energy transitions by conducting in-depth case studies with representative multilateral develop...
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Counter-cyclical Responses: How Development Banks helped the Covid-19 Recovery, and Lessons for the Future
The objective of this paper is to shed light on the crucial and varied counter-cyclical roles played by development banks across the globe during the COVID-19 pandemic, and lessons learned for future...
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Can development banks step up to the challenge of sustainable development?
The great planetary challenges, be it the climate, loss of nature or human solidarity, call for concerted actions at all levels, on a scale commensurate with the problems. Yet, this transformative cha...
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Mapping 500+ Development Banks
The Institute of New Structural Economics (INSE) at Peking University and the Agence française de développement (AFD) are collaborating to build the first comprehensive database on public development...
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10 policy recommendations for decision makers on Public Development Banks
Major planetary concerns, including climate change, loss of nature and inequalities among human beings, call for very large scale concerted action at all levels. The challenge is to favor major struct...
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The Proof is in the Pudding. Revealing the SDGs with Artificial Intelligence
The use of frontier technologies in the field of sustainability is likely to accompany its visibility, and the quality of information available to decision makers. This paper explores the possibility...
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From Multi- to National- and Back Again: Realizing the SDG Potential of Public Development Banks
Public multilateral (MDBs) and national development banks (NDBs) are already working to advance the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). But can they do more to help deliver finance at the righ...
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Realizing the Potential of National Development Banks to Boost Sustainable Development Financing with MDB Supp...
The world’s public development banks cannot avoid confronting the global environmental and climate finance crises. Nor should they. This research paper asks, ‘What do national development banks (NDBs)...
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