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AFD and India
A partner of India since 2008, AFD works in agreement with Indian authorities to promote green and inclusive growth. It operates through loans to state and public enterprises, as well as through techn...
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AFD and Pakistan
Present in Pakistan since 2006, AFD offers financing solutions and technical assistance to support the Pakistani government in its development policy. AFD works with government partners and local auth...
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Senegal
As a long-standing partner of Senegal, AFD Group places its full range of financial instruments at the service of local economic and social development actors (including the State, public companies, t...
Regions and countries
Governance
Theme
How should we evaluate the financial risk associated with Social Impact Bonds?
The Social Impact Bond (SIB) is a new financial product designed to attract private investment in public interest projects of a social nature, and specifically in prevention programmes.
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Cocoa farmers’ agricultural practices and livelihoods in Côte d’Ivoire
Cocoa production in Côte d‘Ivoire has more than doubled over the last four decades, from 565 thousand tons in 1984 to approximatively 1.5 million tons in recent years. This increase has been mainly du...
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The Quality of Growth: Accounting for Sustainability
This paper has three purposes. First, it follows the UN conceptual and measurement approach in providing a welfare theoretic framework for sustainability. The intergenerational conditions for sustaina...
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Holding Land in Common within Cities
In the Global South, access to decent housing and secure land tenure remains a great challenge for most urban dwellers. Yet secure land tenure is a key component of urban resilience. This paper summar...
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Afd2025: Development agencies, steering through future worlds
What world awaits us in 2025? How to gear up for it and build a world which attracts us? AFD has conducted an impressive forward-looking exercise – Afd2025. Its initiators tell us about the four scena...
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The AFD Carbon Footprint Tool for projects - User’s Guide and Methodology
AFD (Agence Française de Développement) aims to promote low-carbon development through the projects it finances, in line with France’s commitment to combat climate change and AFD’s strategic orientati...
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AFD Group Exclusion list
The objective of the exclusion list is to clearly indicate the activities that the Group refuses to finance due to ethical, regulatory, environmental or social criteria, and arising from the applicati...
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Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations
Environmental and Social Risk Management Policy for AFD-funded Operations
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Climate activity of the AFD Group in 2016
Over 3.5 billion euros dedicated to climate: commitments continuously rising
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Indonesia: Reforms to Meet Development Challenges
The Indonesian economy is experiencing structural changes and must deal with new challenges in an uncer¬tain international setting. In the past decade, its industry has undergone reprimarization (focu...
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Transitioning towards a low-carbon economy in Mexico: an application of the ThreeME model
This document offers an empirical application of the notion of energy transition to the Mexican economy and it takes the next step of simulating medium- and long-term impacts of proposed and future en...
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Networks of stranded assets: A case for a balance sheet approach
Moving to a low-carbon economic system will require several industrial sectors to undertake a deep technological transformation of their production processes, leading some of their physical capital as...
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Kochi Metro Experience
THE KOCHI METRO EXPERIENCE: A valuable contribution to the history of Indian metros
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Global Migration in the 20th and 21st Centuries: the Unstoppable Force of Demography
This paper sheds light on the global migration patterns of the past 40 years, and produces migration projections for the 21st century, for two skill groups, and for all relevant pairs of countries. To...
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