Publications and media
Promoting menstrual health and hygiene Impact and lessons learned from two projects in Ethiopia and Madagascar
Menstrual health and hygiene is a global issue affecting nearly 500 million people. Despite being on the international agenda, there is still a lack of data to identify effective levers for promoting...
What's next for investment in the African cultural and creative industries?
As support for African Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) gathers momentum, now is a fitting time to take stock of where we are today and to think ahead to the opportunities and challenges before...
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Addressing the persistence of female genital mutilation: Current situation and prospects for effective interve...
With Unicef estimating that 230 million women and girls have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM) globally, the international human rights agenda sets the goal of eliminating the practice. Yet, d...
Rethinking progress towards reducing inequalities in developing countries, while integrating climate change
Efforts of countries to reduce inequalities (SDG10) can be measured after incorporating their economic resources, but also after examining the effects of climate change — temperature and rainfall — on...
Reducing Inequalities Despite Climate change? Rethinking Progress Towards Reducing Income Inequalities and the...
This multicountry study incorporate the economic resources of countries and measure how countries are combining their resources to reduce income inequality. It also examine the effects of climate — te...
Reassessing the Role of Special Economic Zones in Africa
This study evaluates the role of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Africa using newly compiled datasets covering over 230 zones across 43 countries. It examines SEZ impacts on export diversification, t...
Semestrial panorama 2025#2 - Wayfinding in troubled waters
By their scale and volatility, and even if their application has been temporarily limited, the Trump administration's announcements have begun to destabilize the global economy. Indeed, in addition to...
Benin - Is the “Revelation” within reach?
Over the past several years, Benin has demonstrated promising momentum, characterized by strong and resilient economic growth and a drive for structural reforms. The macro-fiscal trajectory appears fa...
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Evaluating projects: a key issue for AFD
When a project ends, AFD's operational teams systematically assess the project's progress—resources, achievements, and results—by drafting a completion report. A project evaluation can then be conduct...
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Tanzania— Faced with rapid population growth, a thriving economy is vital
Since gaining independence, Tanzania has maintained political stability and avoided major conflicts, despite recurring periods of authoritarian rule. This stability has fostered strong economic growth...
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L'économie africaine 2025: English version of Introduction & 1st Chapter
Since 2020, La Découverte and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) have published an annual edition of L’Économie africaine, aiming to provide an accessible macroeconomic analysis of the Africa...
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Inequalities in Sub-Saharan Africa
The growing disparity between the rich and poor remains one of the critical challenges of recent decades, affecting countries across all continents, irrespective of their gross domestic product per ca...
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Where does AFD's money come from, and where does it go ?
For more than 80 years, the Agence Française de Développement has contributed to implementing France's policy on development, sustainable investment and international solidarity. Through its public se...
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Ex-post evaluation of the Kisumu Urban Project (KUP), Kenya
The project (CKE1035) aimed at structurally improving both the management and the quality of life in the city, through soft (ex: capacity building, urban planning…) and hard investments (ex: infrastru...
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Housing: A Key Sector for the SDGs
Housing is an essential human right. Yet 1.6 billion people don’t have access to decent housing. By 2030, this figure could reach 3 billion. Since 2010, AFD has invested more than €2 billion to suppo...
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How to build a pro-nature economy?
What are the effects of the degradation of nature on the financial system and the economy? How can they be assessed? AFD researchers and their partners have developed a methodology to identify the eco...
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The Academia Partnerships Africa-France programme - Video
Forging long-term academia partnerships between Africa and France, based on mutually beneficial relationships and knowledge- and experience-sharing, this is the ambition of the Academia Partnerships A...
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Egypt : Five key projects in Alexandria
Alexandria, the second largest city in Egypt and the Mediterranean, faces major socio-economic, environmental, and urban challenges. The French Development Agency (AFD) funds structural projects to...
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AFD Group Offer in North Africa
Both a protean, multicultural region, but also a space of transitions and mobility, North Africa faces major challenges: accelerated urbanization (two-thirds of the population in North Africa lives in...
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Aligned pooled funds for education in Africa: principles, implementation and country case studies
Aligned Pooled Funds for Education represent an innovative and coordinated financing approach designed to enhance the effectiveness of education systems in contexts where international aid is fragment...
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Burundi: Quality Education For All
In Burundi, AFD supports the country's education system and its learning environment by creating computer rooms and equipping laboratories. This supports is part of the Twige Neza project, implemented...
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