Climate and Nature Economic Policy Scenarios (CNEPS) for Ministries of Finance, Public Development Banks, and Financial Authorities: What is at stake for the post-COP30 implementation agenda

This policy paper examines the growing role that Ministries of Finance, public development banks, and financial authorities must play in implementing the post-COP30 agenda. As climate risks intensify, biodiversity declines, geopolitical tensions rise, and fiscal constraints tighten, traditional macroeconomic tools are becoming increasingly inadequate. Designed for relatively stable environments, they struggle to capture the non-linear dynamics, systemic shocks, and long-term trade-offs that now define the ecological transition.