How can mutually beneficial economic interactions between transhumant and sedentary populations be promoted in the Sahel?

In the Sahel, traditional agropastoral systems involve economic and social interactions between transhumant herders and sedentary populations. While economic complementarity fosters the exchange of goods, services, and knowledge, coexistence also generates tensions. Drawing on a study conducted in northern Cameroon, this article analyzes the nature and scale of these interactions. It also examines the levers available to overcome tensions and, in this regard, puts forward several recommendations. Although local dynamics vary, common trends emerge across the region. The increasing commodification and greater formalization of exchanges strengthen economic interdependencies while simultaneously exacerbating cost inequalities, in a context of resource scarcity. Competition over access to water and grazing land intensifies imbalances and reinforces antagonisms. In this respect, interventions combining economic instruments with the strengthening of inclusive local governance could help prevent conflicts and harness agropastoralism as a driver of sustainable development.