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Benin - Is the “Revelation” within reach?
Over the past several years, Benin has demonstrated promising momentum, characterized by strong and resilient economic growth and a drive for structural reforms. The macro-fiscal trajectory appears fa...
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Marine heatwaves and coral bleaching: what are the opportunities and challenges for research and public policy...
Marine heatwaves, intensified by climate change, are placing increasing pressure on tropical coral reefs and threatening their resilience. Understanding these phenomena and their ecological impacts is...
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Potential sources of income inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries
This paper examines income inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) region, using recent harmonized household survey data across eight member countries. The study explores...
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Can food vouchers support adaptive social protection and build climate resilience in the philippines?
Exploratory analysis of the linkages and synergies between Walang Gutom and the Philippines Adaptive Social Protection System. To go further : AFD group's program at the "Nutrition for Growth" (N4G...
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Egypt: Reforming healthcare to promote equality
In Egypt, the universal health insurance reform is making steady progress, with its rollout now extended to six governorates, reaching nearly 5 million beneficiaries. In Ismaïlia, where over 80% of t...
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Economic Analysis of Projects: A Tool for Informed Financing Decisions
Project economic analysis (PEA) aims to evaluate ex-ante the various impacts of a project on all stakeholders, beyond its mere financial profitability. Long used by donors, it has come in for a lot of...
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Assessment of Future Droughts in Vietnam Using High-Resolution Downscaled CMIP6 Projections
This study investigates drought conditions in Vietnam and its seven sub-climatic regions using the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). SPEI was derived from daily, high-resolut...
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Appendix - Evaluations completed by AFD Group in 2023-2024
AFD Group conducts various types of evaluations, which may combine different methods and be carried out at different stages. In this appendix to AFD Group's 2025 Evaluation Report, you will find a lis...
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Colombia: Squaring energy transition and fiscal credibility to transform the economy
Despite a robust institutional framework and a broadly sound policy mix, Colombia’s economic model is running out of steam. For over a decade, since the end of the commodities supercycle,growth has be...
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AFD Group & World Bank Group Partnership Impact Update
The AFD Group and World Bank Group (WBG) have built innovative and impactful partnerships that catalyze finance, analytics, and technical services at global, regional, and country levels. Recognizi...
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AFD Group’s 2025-2030 strategy
At the Presidential Council for International Partnerships (CPPI) convened on April 4, 2025, development policy was reaffirmed as a cornerstone of France’s international engagement, alongside diplomac...
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Reimagining Data Governance for AI
This report introduces a practical, community-centered framework for governing data reuse in the development and deployment of artificial intelligence systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC...
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What do civil society actors think about the human rightsbased approach ?
On the eve of the international conference Human rights and sustainable development, which took place at AFD on 8 December 2023, many representatives of civil society organizations from all continents...
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Projections of Heat Stress in Vietnam Using Physically-Based Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature
The wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) is a widely used index for assessing heat stress. However, many studies on heat stress under climate change rely on simplified WBGT calculations, which may introd...
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AFD Group Evaluations Report 2025
What lessons can be learned from the projects supported by the AFD Group? How can we enhance the effectiveness of our action? The insights gained from evaluations contribute to continuous learning,...
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Highlights from AFD Group Evaluations Report 2025
What lessons can be learned from the projects supported by the AFD Group? How can we enhance the effectiveness of our action? The insights gained from evaluations contribute to continuous learning,...
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Summary: Results & Outlook 2024-2025 - AFD Group
In 2024, AFD Group's activity increased to €13.7 billion, compared with €13.5 billion in 2023. This year, 1,250 new projects were financed in 160 countries and French Overseas Territories. These so...
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Sustainability-Linked Bonds and Credit Enhancement: New Approaches for PDB Financing
The investments needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals particularly in emerging markets and developing economies, require the mobilization of more available capital. Public development ba...
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Corporate social responsibility: our commitments
The AFD Group “Strategy 2025-2030” document has unveiled our new CSR ambition: to (i) contribute to aligning the Group to the SDGs through the quality of our operations and (ii) bring our internal fun...
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Why is ocean acidification a major political issue?
Ocean acidification, caused by the absorption of carbon dioxide emitted by human activities, is one of the most worrying challenges of climate change. It threatens marine ecosystems, in particular cor...
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