Publications and media
Why does AFD also finance China, India, Brazil and Türkiye?
China, India, Brazil, Türkiye… Why does the AFD Group also operate in these major emerging economies, often perceived as established powers rather than “natural” priorities for development aid? Becaus...
Semestrial panorama 2025#2 - Wayfinding in troubled waters
By their scale and volatility, and even if their application has been temporarily limited, the Trump administration's announcements have begun to destabilize the global economy. Indeed, in addition to...
MacroDev - Semestrial Panorama 2023 #2
Since the last edition of our publication MacroDev Semestrial in February 2023, international economic developments have remained eventful and intense, against the backdrop of the continued global geo...
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AFD and the Protection of Biodiversity in China
China has adopted an ambitious strategy and action plan to preserve its biodiversity. AFD is supporting this policy by funding sustainable development and ecological transition programs for territorie...
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AFD and Sustainable Urban Development in China
The record urban development which has accompanied China’s economic growth has raised huge challenges in terms of access to urban amenities and the limitation of the environmental footprint of cities....
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AFD and the Development of a Green Financial System in China
The Chinese government has set itself highly ambitious aims in the fight against climate change, in particular its target for carbon neutrality by 2060. To reach these goals, the financial sector and...
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AFD and the Fight Against Climate Change in China
Exposed to the effects of climate change and the world’s biggest producer of greenhouse gases, China has undertaken ambitious national and international engagements for climate change. In the frame...
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AFD and Energy Transition in China
Driven by sustained economic growth, demand for energy in China has increased dramatically in recent decades. In response to crucial environmental and health issues, the Chinese government has adopted...
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AFD and China
Located in East Asia, China is the most populous country in the world (1.4 billion people). It is also a huge territory with an exceptional natural and cultural heritage. Since 2004, AFD has been w...
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Greening China’s investments in Africa: issues and challenges
The 8th Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), which was held in Dakar in November 2021, strengthened the pillars of a “new era” of China-Africa cooperation in various fields, including energy, wh...
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Development finance fragmentation and diversification: the case of China, India and Türkiye
From 2010 to 2019, the international community committed USD 1,700 billion in loans for developing countries. While multila-teral development banks continued to provide the bulk of financings (60% of...
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The Qixian wetlands and nature-based solutions
The Changyuan River restoration project in Shanxi province, China, relies on nature-based solutions to restore essential ecological heritage and increase the capacity of local ecosystems to adapt to c...
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ADB-AFD: An Ambitious Partnership for Development
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) Group have been prolific partners for over 20 years. We cofinanced over 70 projects amounting to $13.8 billion. Since o...
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China - 2020-2024 Strategy
AFD has been operating in China since 2004 to promote green and inclusive growth. The Agency’s action in the country in part operationalises the commitments made by France with respect to the bilatera...
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Financing Development: A Chinese Path?
Through the financing of major infrastructure projects, China has become a key player in development finance. How is Chinese aid distributed and by what means and modalities? Which Chinese institution...
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Encouraging green finance: AFD's offer to public banks
AFD is the first agency to be 100% in line with the Paris Agreement and to make strong commitments on climate financing by supporting the transformation of financial actors' practices and promoting su...
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迈向 可持续发展的“一带一路”?
根据中国国际资本流动的研究表明，中国已经成为国际投融大国。通过“一带一路”倡议，中国未来发展着重围绕三个侧重点：经济增长、通过交通基建连通以及贸易交流。在2019年4月举行的第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上，中国政府着重强调了金融与环境的可持续性问题，表示希望推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展。该讲话为加强更频繁的国际交流铺平了道路，有利于加强其他发展融资机构之间的合作，同时也意味着中国与各国金融...
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Mekong: the challenges of common management
The Mekong River is a common good and its fairly-shared management can be a source of peace and development. This delta is one the biggest water reservoirs in the world along with Amazonia. 80 million...
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Philanthropic Foundations in Asia: Insights from Singapore, Myanmar and China
This study looks at an emerging trend in which wealthy families, individuals, and corporations in Asia set up foundations to institutionalise their giving. This giving is motivated by a myriad of fact...
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Evaluation Summary - District Heating Projects in Jinzhong and Taiyuan
In China, district heating projects in Jinzhong and Taiyuan were subject to an evaluation in May 2017. In 2005, the Government of the People’s Republic of China set national goals for reducing the...
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Evaluation Summary - Cluster of 5 District Heating Projects in China
A cluster of 5 district heating projects financed by AFD in China was evaluated. They were approuved between 2012 and 2017, some of which were still being implemented at the time of the evaluation. Th...
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