Publications and media
Investing in Vocational Training and Decent Employment
At every stage of a person’s career path, access to quality training is essential to strengthen employability, support economic growth, and promote inclusive development.
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Historical and prospective dimensions of aging in the Western Balkans
The background paper provides literature review of Historical and Prospective Dimensions of Aging in the Western Balkans. It represents one of the most comprehensive regional analyses of demographic t...
Ethiopia: An Economy under Reconstruction
Since mid-2024, Ethiopia’s economy has been gradually emerging from crisis, supported by the implementation of an IMF-backed reform program. Focused on exchange rate liberalization, fiscal consolidati...
Health and social protection: 2025 Activity Report
2025 marked a turning point for global health, shaped by a reconfiguration of its architecture, the growing prominence of the health-climate agenda, and strong mobilization around nutrition issues, dr...
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Climate change, pandemics, and the future of global health [INTERVIEW]
The international health system, built after the Second World War, is no longer fit for purpose. Despite the COVID-19 crisis, health funding is declining worldwide, while health and epidemic threats a...
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Nigeria: The Long Road from Stabilization to Development
In 2023, the Tinubu administration inherited a challenging economic situation, with Nigeria still bearing the scars of the 2014 oil price shock as it entered the COVID-19 crisis. The reforms implement...
Can Artificial Intelligence Predict Future Epidemics? Data Sharing as a Key to Transforming Epidemiological Su...
This conference is part of the "TechTalks" series.
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Who controls critical minerals?
Lithium, cobalt, rare earths… All these minerals, essential to the energy transition, are at the heart of new geopolitical tensions. Their production is concentrated, demand is surging, and the questi...
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Research Conversations replay: Human rights in the face of the climate crisis
This webinar is part of the conference series 'Research Conversations'.
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Evaluation of AFD’s Sunref Program and Transformational Credit Line to Industrial Development Corporation (IDC...
AFD supported three consecutive projects implemented by the IDC in South Africa between 2012 and 2024, aiming to strengthen IDC’s contribution to reducing the country’s carbon footprint and energy int...
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Colombia: A tool to facilitate dialogue on the energy transition
In a country heavily dependent on fossil fuels and committed to an ambitious energy transition, how can policymakers, regulators, financial actors, and civil society collectively explore the trade-off...
Urgent Actions Needed to Reduce CO₂ Emissions from Deforestation and Fires in Bolivia
Bolivia, a country with nearly half of its territory covered by forests, faces significant deforestation and vegetation degradation from fires. According to updated estimations, the country experience...
Water and sanitation: 2025 Activity report
In 2025, the AFD Group saw a high level of activity in support of water and sanitation, with €1.6 billion committed. Despite a challenging environment, the year was marked by a record level of non-sov...
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Managing Macroeconomic Vulnerabilities in Vietnam’s Energy Transition: A Multidimensional Policy Framework
Can Vietnam achieve a low-carbon transition by 2050 while maintaining its growth trajectory? With a real GDP growth rate of 8% in 2025 and a government target of 10% for 2026, Vietnam is one of the wo...
Gender and Income Distribution in a High- Informality Context: A CEQ-Based Analysis for Colombia
This study assesses the extent to which Colombia’s fiscal policy mitigates gender gaps in income and poverty. Using the fiscal incidence methodology developed by the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Institu...
The AFD Carbon Footprint Tool for projects - User’s Guide and Methodology
AFD (Agence Française de Développement) aims to promote low-carbon development through the projects it finances, in line with France’s commitment to combat climate change and AFD’s strategic orientati...
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How is AFD supporting access to water and sanitation in Georgia?
In Khashuri, Georgia, access to water and sanitation is a major issue for public health, environmental protection, and quality of life.
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Human Rights and Climate Policies - The Human Rights Impacts of Climate Change and Mitigating Measures
This paper summarises and analyses the findings of studies conducted by six National Human Rights Institutions (independent state bodies) in Colombia, The Gambia, Honduras, Kenya, Namibia, and Sierra...
Leveraging social protection to reduce inequalities in the just transition
Addressing the dual challenge of climate change and inequality require policies delivering on both environmental and social sustainability aspects. In this context, social protection can play a critic...
البناء المشترك لممارسات البحث العملي: استعراض الخبرات المستخلصة من قطاع الاقتصاد الاجتماعي والتضامني في تونس
لاستكمال هذه المذكرة السياسية، التي تقدّم توصيات قيّمة لجعل البحث-الإجرائي رافعةً حقيقية لتنمية الاقتصاد الاجتماعي والتضامني في تونس، أودّ أن أُبرز ثلاثَ شروط أراها أساسية لضمان استدامة هذا المسار. أ...
Ecuador: Transformations and adjustment put to the test by a decade of shocks (2015–2025)
Between 2015 and 2025, a series of factors destabilized Ecuador’s economic, social, and political model: declining oil rents; another sovereign default; political instability following the end of the...
