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An Analytical Framework to Assess Green Transition Jobs in South Africa
The threat of climate change and the resultant catastrophic weather events across the globe underpin the need for a shift away from carbon-intensive modes of production. In South Africa, where the gen...
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Where does AFD's money come from, and where does it go ?
For more than 80 years, the Agence Française de Développement has contributed to implementing France's policy on development, sustainable investment and international solidarity. Through its public se...
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How do global decarbonization trends create external risks for emerging and developing economies?
The low-carbon transition, despite its imperative nature, is likely to present both economic and social opportunities as well as downside risks, depending on the companies, sectors, or regions. The as...
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Namibia – Do the oil discoveries herald a more inclusive economy?
Namibia is on the brink of a major change which is set to radically transform its economy.Indeed, the recent discoveries of vast oil reserves could propel the country among the leading African produce...
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AFD Group offer for the digital sector
AFD Group, through its entities AFD, Proparco, and Expertise France, supports public authorities, businesses, civil society, and innovative ecosystems in their digital transformation. Between 2021 an...
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Ex-post evaluation of the Kisumu Urban Project (KUP), Kenya
The project (CKE1035) aimed at structurally improving both the management and the quality of life in the city, through soft (ex: capacity building, urban planning…) and hard investments (ex: infrastru...
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Public Employment Programmes in South Africa’s Changing Social Protection Landscape
The paper examines the role of Public Employment Programs (PEPs) within South Africa’s evolving social protection landscape, emphasizing their intersection with unemployment, inequality, and social po...
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Inequalities in Sub-Saharan Africa
The growing disparity between the rich and poor remains one of the critical challenges of recent decades, affecting countries across all continents, irrespective of their gross domestic product per ca...
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AFD and clean cooking
Every day, 2.3 billion people still cook using traditional methods, with biomass fuel such as wood or charcoal. These practices have major impacts: they contribute to climate change, accelerate forest...
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Assessing the distributional impacts of development interventions - the Inequality Marker
Persistent economic and social inequalities constrain the inclusive development of nations. The internationally agreed Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG10) and its targets, aim to address these con...
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MacroDev - Semestrial Panorama 2025 #1
As we move into 2025, the legitimacy of the world order inherited from the fall of the Iron Curtain is confronted more than ever with the “ambivalent superpower” of the United States, already describe...
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L'économie africaine 2025: English version of Introduction & 1st Chapter
Since 2020, La Découverte and the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) have published an annual edition of L’Économie africaine, aiming to provide an accessible macroeconomic analysis of the Africa...
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AFD in Papua New Guinea
In July 2023, France annonuced significant development funding, and the opening of an AFD office in PNG. The first AFD officer posted in PNG arrived in June 2024. Expertise France, AFD’s technical sub...
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Escaping child labour in Tanzania
Across Tanzania, 4.2 million children are subjected to the worst forms of forced labor. Discover the inspiring stories of children from northern Tanzania's Geita region who were able to escape the gri...
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Proposal for the extension, redesign, and repurposing of the SRD for the goal of poverty reduction
The study examines the special COVID-19 Social Relief of Distress grant (hereafter ‘SRD’) and provides recommendations to maximise its impact on poverty reduction. The SRD showed itself to be an excel...
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Reducing Pollution from Cooking Smoke: key lessons from the REDGAS randomized study in Burkina Faso
Universal access to clean and efficient cooking remains an environmental and health challenge: despite progress in electrification, wood-based cooking is still widely used in many countries. The REDGA...
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AFD group’s regional offer in the Atlantic region
Composed of the French Development Agency (AFD), in charge of financing the public sector and NGOs, research and training, its subsidiary Proparco, dedicated to fi nancing and support for the private...
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Minka, the Peace and Resilience Fund - 2023 Activity report
Minka Fund: a pioneering fund run by AFD and the French government to address questions of gender and gender-based violence in crisis zones. In 2023, nearly 100% of Minka projects helped boost gend...
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AFD SUPPORTS ETHIOPIAN ECONOMIC REFORM PROGRAM
Following two decades of dynamic growth between 2000 and 2020, Ethiopia has been facing major crises. Conflicts, natural disasters, food insecurity, illiteracy and inequalities, particularly in post-c...
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Suriname: for a future sustainable green
Suriname, which borders French Guiana in South America, is the most forested country in the world. However, it faces economic, environmental and social challenges. Aware of these challenges, France, t...
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