Publications and media
Potential sources of income inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) countries
This paper examines income inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) region, using recent harmonized household survey data across eight member countries. The study explores...
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Minka, the Peace and Resilience Fund - 2023 Activity report
Minka Fund: a pioneering fund run by AFD and the French government to address questions of gender and gender-based violence in crisis zones. In 2023, nearly 100% of Minka projects helped boost gend...
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Minka, Peace and Resilience Fund - Activity report 2022
The Minka Peace and Resilience Fund is AFD's peacebuilding tool dedicated to territories affected by crises or violent conflicts. Positioned on the humanitarian-development-peace nexus, Minka supports...
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Sahel - Activity Report 2022
Over the past decade, the deterioration of the security situation has profoundly destabilized the Central Sahel, with spillover effects throughout the region and even beyond. Weakened social cohesion...
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Minka Peace and Resilience Fund - Activity report 2021
The Minka Peace and Resilience Fund, implemented by AFD, is dedicated to medium and long-term financing operations in regions affected by crisis or violent conflict. The Minka Fund pursues proactive c...
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Sahel - 2021 Activity Report
Development in the Greater Sahel region (Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Chad) is marked by contrasts. The wide range of issues require a collective...
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In the Sahel, real economic and social development
Fragility and conflict are the main lenses through which Sahelian issues are most often viewed. However, the crystallization of the debate around these issues, real as they are, leads to a narrowing o...
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Sahel - 2020 Activity Report
The Greater Sahel region was once a prosperous region in Africa. The region is clearly defined by its geography and climate. It also has the lowest GDP per capita of all the six African regions identi...
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Minka Peace and Resilience Fund - 2020 Activity Report
As crises become longer and more complex, AFD Group has made a key commitment to sustainable peace, the climate and social cohesion. This commitment is part of France’s “Prevention, Resilience and Sus...
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Role models and migration intentions
Role models—those individuals who resemble us but have achieved more than us— are thought to impact our aspirations. In this paper, we study the impact of role models on intentions to migrate. Specifi...
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Collect More, Spend Better? Enhancing fiscal redistribution in West Africa
The pursuit of Domestic Resources Mobilization (DRM) objectives needs to be in agreement with the other SDGs set by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in particular the elimination of extrem...
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Analysis of Multidimensional Inequalities in West Africa and a Strategy for Inequality Reduction
With the Multidimensional Inequality Framework and the capabilities approach as its theoretical underpinning, this research shows that strong similarities in the expressions of inequalities exist in d...
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A Strategy for Reducing Inequalities in West Africa
Reducing economic and social inequalities in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, and Senegal requires a set of policies clearly focused on the most remote areas of these countries and the particular cha...
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Collect more, spend better? Assessing the incidence of fiscal systems and public spending in three Francophone...
The objective of this study is to analyse and compare the incidence of fiscal systems of three western African countries: Côte d’Ivoire, Mali and Senegal. The analysis relies on different data and too...
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Minka Peace and Resilience Fund - 2019 Activity Report
As crises become longer and more complex, AFD Group has made a key commitment to sustainable peace, to the climate and to social cohesion. This commitment is part of France’s “Prevention, Resilience a...
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Sahel - 2019 Activity Report
As a priority area for French development policy, the Sahel is faced with a diverse array of security, climate, economic, social and political challenges. The countries in the region (Burkina Faso, Ca...
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Minka Sahel Initiative
The security, humanitarian, and sociopolitical situation in the Sahel has continued to deteriorate since the 2012 crisis in Mali, with a significant increase in conflict hotspots. More than one millio...
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Weather shocks and migration intentions in Western Africa: Insights from a multilevel analysis
We use a multilevel approach to characterize the relationship between weather shocks and (internal and international) migration intentions. We combine individual survey data on migration intentions wi...
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Regional Migration and Wage Inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union
This paper investigates the impact of regional migration on average wages and wage inequality in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA). We exploit a unique data from a unified labour fo...
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Evaluation of the « Ecole et langues nationales en Afrique » program: Methodological Aspects and Interim Asses...
This eight-country evaluation seeks to measure how the ELAN Program methods of written language acquisition have an impact, during the first two years of primary school (Grade 1 and Grade 2), on oral...
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Sahelian youth: dynamics of exclusion, means of integration
For twenty years now, the Sahel region has been marked by rising insecurity, political crises, and poorly controlled flows of people, arms and illegal goods, with a major risk of States becoming desta...
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