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The Climate Archives of Indochina - Insights for Understanding Climate Change in Vietnam and Southeast Asia
This article presents a new historical climate database called Climate data rescue of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos. It covers the period from 1867 to 1973. The oldest data were produced by military ho...
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Developing Historical Gridded Climate Datasets for Vietnam Using Reanalysis Data and Station Observations Sinc...
Accurate and high-resolution gridded climate data are crucial for scientific applications, yet such data have long faced limitations due to sparse and uneven station networks. In this study, we addres...
Publication
Support Fund for Feminist Organizations - Activity Report 2024
To support the work of feminist movements under increasing pressure, France is mobilizing its instruments in support of its feminist foreign policy on the international stage. Since 2020, the Support...
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Matthieu DISCOUR
Profile
Director, “Three Oceans” Department
Geographies: Three oceans (Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific)
Now leading the Three Oceans Department, Matthieu Discour has over 25 years' experience within the Agence Française de Développement (AFD) Group.
AFD Group brings together three major emerging economies to accelerate the energy transition
Ten years to the day after the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the Agence française de développement (AFD) and the European Union (EU) welcomed to Paris, from 8 to 12 December 2025, delegations from...
Press release
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Final evaluation of the Renewable Energy Absorption Transmission Development Project (REATDP), Sri Lanka
The project aimed at improving the electricity provision in Sri Lanka: • Increase the grid's renewable energy (RE) absorption capacity (specific outcome) • Reduce the average cost of production acr...
Publication
AFD and PLN strengthen their cooperation to accelerate Indonesia’s energy transition
The Agence française de développement (AFD) and Indonesia’s state-owned electricity company PLN have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to support the transformation of the Indonesian power sy...
Press release
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Is Africa really against democracy? L’Éco du monde #9
Angola, Morocco, Tunisia, Kenya… While social movements advocating social, economic, and political demands emerged in several African countries in 2025, Thomas Melonio hosts Ousmane Ndiaye, journalist...
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Loans: AFD’s primary financing tool
Loans account for the vast majority of Agence Française de Développement (AFD)’s financial activity (90%), while grants for sustainable development projects represent 10%. This lean economic model hel...
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Evaluating the Performance of Selected Reanalysis Datasets over Vietnam
Vietnam, a country highly exposed to extreme weather events, still struggles to fill in significant gaps in its historical meteorological records, limiting a comprehensive understanding of past climat...
Publication
Sub-Saharan Africa faces persistent demographic challenges
The vast majority of African countries are experiencing a population boom, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While this growth could bring economic benefits, it also poses significant challenges, ac...
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A living laboratory in Türkiye shines a light on the future of French forests
Between 2019 and 2022, Agence Française de Développement supported a sustainable forest partnership program between Türkiye and France, focused on adapting to climate change and protecting biodiversit...
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Djibouti: transforming the Layabley-Moustiquaire neighborhood
In Balbala, home to more than half of Djibouti’s population, the Layabley-Moustiquaire neighborhood is undergoing a transformation. A new road and bridge are improving access to the area, alongside up...
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AFD successfully issued a new 2 billion US dollars bond maturing on February 4, 2031
On Wednesday 28th January 2026, Agence française de développement (AFD), rated A+ (Stable) by S&P and A+ (Stable) by Fitch, successfully issued a new 2 billion US dollars bond maturing on February 4th...
Press release
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AFD’s 2026 Funding Program
AFD’s Board of Directors approved the 2026 funding program on January 29th, setting the target at €9.5 billion.
Press release
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Investors' page
AFD funds itself mainly on capital markets. As a frequent issuer, AFD issues several public transactions every year and answers to specific queries from investors.
Editorial page
International economy: Groundswells in relatively calm waters
Amidst a geopolitical environment undergoing reconfiguration, many economic paradigms once thought to be immutable are now shifting before our eyes. This paper aims to provide a brief overview of them...
Publication
AFD and Vanuatu
Vanuatu, an archipelago of 83 islands with nearly 330,000 inhabitants and a GDP of USD 1.12 billion, is particularly vulnerable to climate risks and natural disasters. Cyclones, earthquakes, and risin...
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World Bank and AFD: co-financing scales up in Morocco
On 11 February, Agence Française de Développement (AFD) and the World Bank will meet in Morocco to promote “The Power of Co-financing” – a model set to expand as international aid becomes scarcer and...
News
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How can mutually beneficial economic interactions between transhumant and sedentary populations be promoted in...
In the Sahel, traditional agropastoral systems involve economic and social interactions between transhumant herders and sedentary populations. While economic complementarity fosters the exchange of go...
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